1996 – The Ramones played their farewell concert at The Palace, Los Angeles, CA.

1945 – World War II: Hiroshima, Japan is devastated when the atomic bomb "Little Boy" is dropped by the United States B-29 Enola Gay. Around 70,000 people are killed instantly, and some tens of thousands die in subsequent years from burns and radiation poisoning.

1971 – Apollo program: Apollo 15 astronauts become the first to ride in a lunar rover.

1882 – Premiere of Richard Wagner's opera Parsifal at Bayreuth.

1965 – Bob Dylan goes electric at the Newport Folk Festival, signaling a major change in folk and rock music.

1976 – The American Viking 1 lander successfully lands on Mars.

1969 – Apollo program: Apollo 11's crew successfully makes the first manned landing on the Moon in the Sea of Tranquility. Americans Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin become the first humans to walk on the Moon six and a half hours later.

 islander wrote: 

  1972, 1975, and 1995.  I missed all their farewells.

1925 – Adolf Hitler publishes Mein Kampf.

 Red_Dragon wrote:
 

I saw their farewell tour (2nd one I think) in 1989!

1962 – The Rolling Stones perform their first concert, at London's Marquee Club.

1960 – To Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee is first published, in the United States.

1914 – Babe Ruth makes his debut in Major League Baseball.

1868 – The 14th Amendment to the United States Constitution is ratified, guaranteeing African Americans full citizenship and all persons in the United States due process of law.

2003 – NASA Opportunity rover, MER-B or Mars Exploration Rover–B, was launched into space aboard a Delta II rocket.

1992 – The New York Court of Appeals rules that women have the same right as men to go topless in public.

1954 – Elvis Presley makes his radio debut when WHBQ Memphis played his first recording for Sun Records, "That's All Right".

1964 – Civil rights movement: U.S. President Lyndon B. Johnson signs the Civil Rights Act of 1964 meant to prohibit segregation in public places.

1969 – Stonewall riots begin in New York City, marking the start of the Gay Rights Movement.

1914 – Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria and his wife Sophie are assassinated in Sarajevo; this is the casus belli of World War I.